Bill Gates: Let’s learn from the past on global health aid

Last updated May 24, 2022

Right now, we’re at risk of a very different outcome. In a typical year, G7 nations donate about $122 billion to address long-term health, economic development and welfare needs in low-income countries. But this is not a typical year. The crises the world faces have multiplied: Covid-19, the war in Ukraine, food shortages, inflation. Some countries are considering redirecting aid to immediate humanitarian assistance, such as housing Ukrainian refugees. Efforts to fight diseases in low-income countries stand to lose billions of dollars.

We cannot turn away from those affected by war. But we don’t have to accept extreme suffering in one part of the planet to alleviate it in another. While it will be challenging to address the urgent needs the world now faces, we can’t afford not to. During the financial crisis, leaders showed the political will to prioritize global health. Now, too, countries and organizations that have the most to give should commit to more health aid in their upcoming budgets rather than less.

Development aid is a tiny portion of the budget of the countries that donate it. But for those that receive it, it’s transformational. Over the last two decades, these contributions helped the world experience one of the greatest periods of progress in the history of global health. The mortality rate for children under five was cut by more than 50% from 2000 to 2020. Deaths from some of the world’s most dangerous infectious diseases fell by 46% in the last 20 years. Not coincidentally, economies grew, too.

When Covid-19 struck, however, things headed in the other direction. Deaths from malaria and tuberculosis — preventable diseases that particularly ravage low-income countries — went up. Childhood vaccination rates declined.

We have the chance to get back on track through investments we know pay great dividends. Take the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria. Every $100 million to the Global Fund means TB treatment for nearly 100,000 people, HIV counseling and testing for 4.3 million people, 7.6 million mosquito nets distributed to prevent malaria and more.

Generous development assistance would also accelerate many promising breakthroughs. A new oral vaccine could help finally eradicate polio, if funds are available to distribute it. A promising new antiretroviral drug that once was prohibitively expensive has now been made widely accessible, decreasing the chances of dying from AIDS.

Ending the heartbreak of parents burying their children is reason enough to invest. But money spent right does even more. Wiping out preventable diseases helps families and entire countries escape poverty and become more stable. Spending by donor countries on better health now saves money later: That $100 million to the Global Fund, to take one example, would yield nearly $3 billion in returns.

These investments help halt viral threats in one part of the world that could spread and kill people in another. The impact of the pandemic, as devastating as it has been, could have been far worse. That’s because innovations and systems that prevent and treat diseases in normal times turn out to be critical in times of crisis.

Pakistan had established a robust polio monitoring and rapid response infrastructure, which also helped them fight Covid-19. In South Africa, the development of a genomic surveillance network designed to track Ebola, yellow fever and other diseases allowed scientists to identify emerging coronavirus variants. And the country’s robust network of care set up to address HIV made it possible to mobilize quickly against Covid.

Everyone has a part to play to achieve this healthier, fairer future. Donor governments and global bodies like the G7 must prioritize the needs of low-income countries. They also can direct the International Monetary Fund to reallocate financial assets like Special Drawing Rights — distributed recently to help alleviate the Covid-19 burden — to give all countries an equitable chance at recovery.

Philanthropic foundations should increase global health funding with a focus on countries with the greatest need. Pharmaceutical companies can sell their drugs at low cost to low-income countries and make more second-source deals, which allow others to manufacture their products when there are urgent needs. Big corporations can increase contributions to both humanitarian efforts and multilateral global health organizations.

And countries that face these challenges day in and day out can continue to strengthen their health systems in the ways they know make a difference. We are better equipped than ever to build a world in which where you’re born doesn’t determine whether you live or die. We can achieve a healthier and more equitable future for all — if we make bold commitments now.

Bill Gates: Let's learn from the past on global health aid - CNN opinions